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You know, I've been doing interior design for years, and the question of curtains and walls arises with every client. Absolutely everyone. Someone plays it safe and buys beige to beige, someone takes a risk - and then cannot understand why the room looks "somehow wrong". And all because color is a much more complicated thing than it seems at first glance. So you sit with a catalog of curtains, look at the wall, and it seems - this fits. And then for some reason it doesn't fit. And the point is not that you have no taste (although some clients believe this), but that no one has explained the basic things. Which I will try to explain now. Why it is important (but not as difficult as it seems) The first thing a person sees when entering a room is the overall impression of the space. Not individual objects, not details, but the impression itself. And if the curtains clash with the walls, the impression will be... strange. Not necessarily bad, but strange. Guests won't be able to tell what's wrong, but they will feel uncomfortable. The most common mistake is to buy everything separately. First, you paint the walls, a month later you buy a sofa, and six months later you order curtains online, seeing them only in the photo. And then you wonder why nothing goes together. Because each element lives its own life, and together they don't create harmony. The second mistake is to trust too much what the color looks like in the store. The lighting in the curtain salon and the lighting in your apartment are two different realities. What seemed soft beige in the store may become dirty yellow at home. Or vice versa.What really affects the perception of color? Lighting (natural and artificial), the direction of your windows, the color of the floor, furniture, even what light bulbs you have - warm or cold. All of this changes how the color of the curtains looks in relation to the walls. And this is not a theory - this is what I encounter every time I enter someone's apartment. Undertones are the basis of everything Here I will now say things that everything depends on, but which 90% of people ignore.Undertone is the shade that is hidden "under" the main color. Your beige wall is not just beige. It is beige with a pink undertone. Or with yellow. Or with gray. Or - and this is the worst option - with green. Warm shades are based on yellow, red, orange. Cold ones - blue, green. And if you hang curtains with a cold undertone on a wall with a warm undertone, even if the "main" colors seem to match - there will be discomfort. Visual dissonance. How to determine the undertone of your wall? Take a white sheet of paper (white, not cream) and put it against the wall. See what shade appears compared to pure white. Does the wall become yellowish? Warm undertone. Bluish or grayish? Cold. Greenish? I sympathize, this is a difficult case. Why are there different "beiges"? Because beige is not a color, it is a category. There is beige that goes into pink (often in old Soviet apartments after renovation). There is beige with yellowness (the most common, it is also called "ivory" or "cream"). There is beige with a gray undertone (fashionable now, it is also called "grey" - grey + beige). And they all need different curtains. An example of conflicting undertones is a classic of the genre: gray walls with a blue undertone plus cream curtains with a yellow undertone. It seems that gray and cream are neutral, should work. It doesn’t work. It looks dirty. I had clients in New York, even before the move, who did exactly that. Expensive linen curtains, beautiful paint on the walls – but together they created a feeling of something unhealthy. Changed the curtains to ones with a barely noticeable gray-blue tint – the room came to life. Rule number one, if rules are possible at all: undertones first, then color. Three Basic Combination Strategies There are three approaches that almost always work. And then there are variations. Monochrome approach (one color family) Blue walls - curtains are also blue, but darker. Or lighter. Or exactly the same, but with a different texture. This is the safest option, because you stay in the same color family, and conflict is almost impossible. Almost. Because if your walls are a rich turquoise, and you hang the curtains in dark blue - you can create too much visual weight on the windows. They will start to dominate. Which is fine, if that's your intention. But most people don't want the curtains to be the first thing that catches your eye. The key to the monochromatic approach is to create enough contrast so that the curtains don't disappear, but not so much that they clash with the walls. I usually recommend a difference of at least two tones on those paint sample tapes they give you at hardware stores. You know, there are seven variations of "gray" that look the same in the store, but completely different at home. Texture helps tremendously. The same color, but the walls are matte, and the curtains are silk with a slight sheen? Quite different. The walls are smooth, and the curtains are linen with that beautiful natural "pattern" of fibers? It works even with an almost identical color.I made a bedroom with dark gray walls and the same dark gray velvet curtains. It would seem that darkness on darkness should be difficult. But the velvet caught the light in a special way, changed the shade depending on the angle, created depth. It turned out not oppressive, but enveloping. Cozy. Neutral bridge (neutral curtains + colored walls) This is what I advise people who are nervous. Colored walls – any color you want – and curtains in white, cream, beige, gray or taupe (it’s a gray-brown, if anyone doesn’t know). Neutrals don’t conflict by definition. But – and here’s where the fun begins – which neutral matters. It really matters.White curtains with warm walls (peach, terracotta, warm yellow, red) – great, as a rule. White curtains with cool walls (blue, green, purple) – can work, but risks looking too stark, cold. Maybe cream is better, but then we’re back to undertones again, because the wrong cream will make everything yellowish. Gray is everywhere now – it’s been everywhere for about ten years, to be honest, I’m a little tired of gray, but what is there is there – and gray curtains are incredibly versatile. They work with almost everything. The problem is that gray changes depending on the environment. The so-called simultaneous contrast. Gray curtains can look bluish against blue walls. Brownish against beige walls. This can be both good and annoying, depending on the situation. I did a bedroom once with deep charcoal walls (the clients wanted "mood"), and we used pale warm gray curtains. They would have looked boring on their own. Against a dark wall? They glowed. They softened the entire space just enough to make it feel like you could sleep there, not like you were in a cave. Contrasting accent (curtains as a bright element) This is for people with confidence. Or for those who hired people like me because they themselves are not confident, but want the result. Walls of the same color, curtains of the opposite color on the color wheel. Or at least contrasting. Blue walls, gold curtains. Green walls, rusty orange curtains. Purple walls, yellow curtains (bold, very bold, can be overwhelming or disastrous depending on the shades). The trick here is that one of the colors needs to be muted, otherwise everything will vibrate with energy and you will never relax. You can do rich walls with much softer curtains. Or vice versa - soft walls with rich diamond curtains that become the focal point.I tend to do this in living rooms and dining rooms. Less so in bedrooms, unless you are a real maximalist. Something about trying to fall asleep while your peripheral vision processes color contrast doesn't work for everyone. One point about complementary colors: they make each other more intense. Blue and orange together? Each looks more blue and more orange than it does separately. So if you are testing swatches, you need to see them together. Don't just imagine. Don't rely on visualization. Glue that piece of fabric directly to the wall and live with it for a few days. White Walls – Simpler Doesn’t Mean Easier Everyone thinks white walls are simple. No. White has more variations than any other color, and they’re all deceptively different. There’s pure bright white. Soft white. Warm white. Cool white. White with a gray undertone. White with a beige undertone. White with a pink undertone. And they all require different approaches to curtains. Bright cool white can go with almost anything, but it makes everything richer and more intense. Your pale blue curtains will look more blue. Cream curtains may appear more yellow than you expected. It’s a high-contrast backdrop. Warm whites (those whites that lean a bit towards cream or ivory) are friendlier. They soften other colors rather than intensify them. Warm white walls with any color of curtains create a more cozy atmosphere than cold white with the same curtains. I did an apartment where everything was painted "Swiss Coffee" - this is such a very popular warm white. Linen curtains in the natural color of oatmeal - and it was... perfect. Chef-kiss, as they say. The warmth suited, the textures complemented each other, the overall effect was so organic and relaxed. Against stark white walls it would look completely different. If you have white walls and you don't know what curtains - take natural linen or soft cream. This is the case when it's hard to go wrong. Dark walls - new rules of the game Dark walls are experiencing a renaissance, and people are still figuring out how to work with them. Dark walls - navy, charcoal, forest green, deep burgundy, black - create drama. They also absorb light, so your choice of curtains affects not only the aesthetics but also the actual brightness of the room. Light curtains against dark walls: High contrast, the curtains become architectural elements, they frame the windows in a strong way. This is great if your windows are beautifully shaped and you want to emphasize them. Less great if your windows are awkwardly shaped or if you want them to visually recede into the background. Dark curtains against dark walls: Monochrome, gloomy, cocoon-like. Can look incredibly sophisticated or can feel cave-like. Depends on the size of the room, the natural light and, honestly, your tolerance for darkness. I like this look in media rooms or bedrooms where you want that enveloping feeling. In a north-facing living room? Maybe too much. Mid-tone curtains against dark walls: A compromise. You get a little contrast without being harsh. Charcoal walls with slate blue curtains. Navy walls with dusty lilac. Forest green with sage. One thing I will say: don’t be afraid of dark walls. Everyone thinks they’ll make a room look smaller. Sometimes they do the opposite – they make the walls recede and the room feel more expansive because your eye isn’t reaching out as much. But you have to be extra careful when choosing curtains, because mistakes are more noticeable against a dark background. Pattern: When and How Pattern on curtains is a game changer. Small patterns on curtains work best with plain walls or very subtle wall textures. Large patterns need more wall space to make sense – you don’t want giant flowers in a room with windows every meter or so, because you’ll never see a complete repeat of the pattern. It’ll just look chaotic. If your walls have any pattern at all – wallpaper, stencil, whatever – you need to be very careful with the pattern on your curtains. You usually want one thing to be solid. Two patterns in the same space can work, but it requires a real sense of scale and style. A small geometric pattern on the wall with a large organic pattern on the curtains, or vice versa. But patterns of similar scale competing with each other? A headache. I’ve had a few clients install this gorgeous soft grey wallpaper. They looked beautiful, they looked beautiful on the wall. They bought striped and white curtains – expensive, real linen, beautiful drapery. They hung them up, and the room looked… sick. Seriously sick. It turned out that the gray had a blue undertone and the cream had a yellow undertone, and the combination created this weird dirty effect in the natural light from their east-facing windows. We switched to curtains with just a hint of blue-gray in them, and suddenly the whole room came alive. Stripes on curtains are a classic for a reason. Vertical stripes literally draw the eye up, make ceilings feel higher. They work with most wall colors because stripes usually include a neutral plus an accent color, and you can choose stripes where the accent color ties into your walls. Texture and Sheen The fabric of a curtain is not just about the color, it’s also about how the fabric reflects light. Matte linen looks completely different than dupioni silk, even though they are technically the same color. Silk has that delicate sheen that catches the light, changes appearance depending on the angle, adds richness. Linen is flat, organic, laid-back. With shiny or semi-gloss walls (high-gloss paint or even a satin finish), you need to consider whether you want the curtains to match that formality. Shiny walls with matte linen curtains? Could be an interesting contrast of textures. Shiny walls with silk or satin curtains? Very formal, very polished, very "this is an intentionally designer space."Matte walls (which are most walls) are more forgiving. Any curtain finish works. Velvet curtains are in a category of their own. Velvet has this quality where a color looks different depending on how the light hits the pile – it can appear lighter or darker, with slightly different shades. Velvet also absorbs light, making colors richer and deeper. If you’re making velvet curtains, I usually recommend going a shade or two lighter than you think because they will read darker when they’re up. I had a small living room with soft plum walls – the client wanted a luxurious look. Velvet curtains in a matching plum color would have created too much heaviness. We went two shades lighter than the wall, in the same velvet. The effect was chic and wealthy, but not oppressive. Lighting and directions Morning light is cool and bluish. Evening light is warm and golden. The color of your curtains will look different at different times of day, and that’s okay and good. But it does mean you need to test your curtain samples at different times of day, not just once at noon when the light is neutral. East-facing windows get morning light. Warm curtains will glow beautifully here at dawn. Cool curtains can look a little washed out. West-facing windows get evening light. This is where warm curtains really shine (literally). That golden hour hits amber, rust, or coral curtains and makes them look incredible.North-facing windows get consistent but cool light all day long. Blues and greens work beautifully here because they match the quality of the light. Warm colors can feel a little off unless you’re intentionally going for that contrast. South-facing windows get the most light, and it’s relatively neutral. Almost any color of drapery will work, which is both a blessing and a curse because you have no constraints to guide your decision. Test your swatches several times throughout the day. Seriously. Tape that piece of fabric to the window and look at it morning, afternoon, evening, night with artificial light on. If a color irritates you at one point, it will irritate you every day at that point. Find something that works in all lighting conditions. Room size and ceiling height Light curtains in a small room: makes the room feel bigger because light colors recede visually. They don’t create boundaries. Dark curtains in a small room: can make it feel even smaller unless the walls are also dark and you’re intentionally going for a cozy cocoon effect. Light curtains in a large room: safe, but can feel sluggish if the room needs more visual anchoring. Dark curtains in a large room: adds weight and grounds the space. Can be really effective in making a huge room feel more intimate. Regarding ceiling height: if you want the ceilings to feel higher, match the curtains to the walls (they don’t create a visual gap) or use vertical stripes. If you want to emphasize the height of the ceiling and have high ceilings, use contrasting curtains to draw attention to that vertical space. I had a tiny bedroom once – the ceiling is a standard 2.5 metres, but the room was narrow. We matched the curtains to the walls almost exactly (a monochromatic approach) and it made the boundaries less obvious. The room didn’t get bigger, but it felt less cramped because your eye wasn’t stuck where the walls ended and the curtains began.